ACNE FAQs

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions, particularly among individuals under 25. Despite how widespread it is, there is still a large amount of misinformation online about its causes and treatment options.

These misconceptions can lead to ineffective—or even harmful—approaches to managing the condition. To help clear up some of the confusion, we’ve answered a number of frequently asked questions about acne, providing evidence-based information to support those seeking safe and effective treatment options.

Here are answers to some of the questions we’re asked most often:

 What causes Acne?

Acne is caused by a combination of factors that affect the skin’s oil production and overall balance. Hormonal fluctuations—particularly during puberty or times of hormonal imbalance—can increase oil (sebum) production, which may clog pores and lead to breakouts.

Dietary factors, including high-glycaemic foods and, for some individuals, dairy products, may also contribute by promoting inflammation and influencing hormone levels. Stress is another key factor, as elevated cortisol levels can stimulate oil production and worsen existing acne.

Genetics also play an important role, meaning those with a family history of acne are more likely to experience it themselves. Together, these factors create an environment that can contribute to the development and persistence of acne, impacting both skin health and appearance.

Hormones

Hormones play a key role in the physical changes that occur during puberty and can significantly impact skin health. As adolescents mature, the body produces higher levels of androgens, which stimulate the sebaceous glands to produce more oil. This excess oil can clog pores and contribute to the development of acne, which is why it is so common during the teenage years.

In women, hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle can also trigger breakouts, often occurring at specific times each month. To help manage these effects, doctors may recommend hormonal contraceptives, such as the pill, which can regulate hormone levels and reduce the frequency and severity of acne in some individuals.

Diet

Research suggests that adopting a low-glycaemic diet—one that limits processed and sugary foods—may help reduce acne.

This approach focuses on foods that have a smaller impact on blood sugar levels, which in turn helps keep insulin levels more stable. Elevated insulin has been linked to increased sebum production and hormonal activity, both of which can contribute to acne development.

Stress

Stress triggers a physiological response in the body, increasing hormone production, particularly androgens, which can stimulate oil glands in the skin.  This surge in oil production, in conjunction with heightened inflammation during stressful periods, can result in the development of acne.  Managing stress levels is important for individuals prone to acne, as reducing both emotional and physical stressors can help minimize breakouts and promote clearer skin.  Implementing stress-relief techniques such as mindfulness, exercise and adequate sleep may contribute significantly to overall skin health.

Genetics

Genetics play a significant role in determining an individual’s susceptibility to various skin conditions, including acne.  If family members, such as parents or siblings, have experienced acne, there is a higher likelihood that one may also develop this condition due to inherited traits.

While genetics are unchangeable; implementing a proper skincare regime becomes crucial in managing skin health.  Additionally, addressing external factors such as stress levels and dietary choices can further mitigate the risk and severity of acne.

What are Acne Scars?

Acne scars are the result of structural damage to the skin caused by papules or pustules. They occur when inflammation from acne damages the deeper layers of the skin, disrupting the normal healing process.

There are two main types of acne scars:

Atrophic scars (depressed scars) – These appear as indentations in the skin and are the most common type. They form when there isn’t enough collagen produced during healing. Examples include ice pick, boxcar, and rolling scars.

Hypertrophic or keloid scars (raised scars) – These develop when the skin produces too much collagen, resulting in raised, firm areas. They are less common and more likely to occur on the chest, back, or shoulders.

In addition to true scarring, some people also experience post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), which are pigmented marks left that remain on the surface of the skin after a breakout. While these aren’t technically scars, they can still affect the skin’s appearance.

The likelihood of developing acne scars depends on factors such as the severity of acne, how early it’s treated, and whether lesions are picked or squeezed. Early and appropriate treatment can significantly reduce the risk of long-term scarring.

How can I prevent Acne?

To help prevent acne,  it’s important to adopt a consistent skincare routine along with supportive lifestyle habits.

– Avoid wearing heavy makeup every daily, choosing non-oily, non-comedogenic (non-pore-clogging) products. Always cleanse your face every evening thoroughly, and never go to sleep with makeup on, as this can block pores and trigger breakouts.

– Try not to pick or squeeze pimples, as this can increase inflammation, spread bacteria, and raise the risk of scarring.

– Managing stress is also important, as it can influence hormonal activity that contributes to acne. Aim to set aside time each day for relaxation techniques such as meditation, exercise, or other activities that help you unwind.

– Incorporating clinical, evidence based treatments and prescribed medical-grade skincare can further support acne prevention by targeting your skin’s specific needs and maintaining overall skin health.

Why should Acne be treated?

Treating acne isn’t just about improving how your skin looks—it’s also about protecting your long-term skin health and overall wellbeing.

Firstly, early treatment can help prevent permanent scarring and pigmentation changes, which can be much harder to treat later. What starts as mild breakouts can progress if left unmanaged, leading to more severe inflammation and lasting marks.

Secondly, managing acne can reduce discomfort. Inflamed or cystic acne can be painful and may lead to skin sensitivity or irritation if not properly treated.

There’s also a strong link between skin conditions and confidence. For many people, acne can affect self-esteem and social confidence, so treating it can have a positive impact on how you feel day to day.

Finally, appropriate treatment helps address the underlying causes—such as excess oil production, clogged pores, bacteria, or hormonal influences—rather than just masking the symptoms. This leads to more effective, longer-lasting results.

If acne is persistent or worsening, a tailored treatment plan can make a significant difference in both skin health and quality of life.

The CRC Approach To Treating Acne

Depending on the severity of the acne, treatments that we often use to treat acne are; Lumixa Skin Normaliser program, Microdermabrasion, Chemical Peels, Refine Rejuvenation Laser or the Carbon Laser. Each individual’s skin is unique; therefore, a combination of different treatments and prescribed skincare products may be necessary to achieve optimal results and maintain them.